A.  Agassiz, Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. No. II. North American Acalephae, vol. 2. Cambridge [Mass.]: Sever and Francis [University Press], 1865, pp. 1-xiv, 1-234. Staurozoa on pp. 61-64.

H.  James-Clark, ?Prodromus of the history, structure, and physiology of the order Lucernariae?, Journal of the Boston Society of Natural History, vol. 7, pp. 531-567, 1863.

T.  Uchida, ?Studies on the Stauromedusae and Cubomedusae, with special reference to their metamorphosis?, Japanese Journal of Zoology, vol. 2, pp. 103-193, plus Plates, III, IV, V, 1929.

R.  Elmhirst, ?Notes on Lucernaria quadricornis, Müller, and related species?, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, vol. 10, pp. 221-224, 1922.

J.  Stephens, ?Clare Island Survey. 58. Coelenterata?, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section C: Archaeology, Celtic Studies, History, Linguistics, Literature, vol. 31, pp. 58.1-58.10, 1912.

D. V.  Naumov, ?Scyphomedusae of the seas of the USSR (in Russian)?, Keys to the Fauna of the USSR (Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow), vol. 75, pp. 1-97, 1961.

F.  G. Gwilliam, ?Studies on west coast stauromedusae?, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, 1956.

T.  Uchida and Hanaoka, K. - I., ?Anatomy of two stalked medusae with remarks on the distribution of the Stauromedusae in Japan?, Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, Series VI. Zoology, vol. 2, pp. 211-239, 1934.

T.  Uchida and Hanaoka, K. - I., ?On the morphology of a stalked medusa, Thaumatoscyphus distinctus Kishinouye?, Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, Series VI. Zoology, vol. 2, pp. 135-153, 1933.

Y. M.  Hirano, ?Species of stauromedusae from Hokkaido, with notes on their metamorphosis?, Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Series VI. Zoology, vol. 24, pp. 182-201, 1986.

P. L.  Kramp, ?Synopsis of the Medusae of the World?, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, vol. 40, pp. 1 -469, 1961.

J. S.  Ryland, ?Class Scyphozoa: Order Stauromedusae?, in The Marine Fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: Volume I: Introduction and Protozoans to Arthropods, vol. 1, P. J.  Hayward and Ryland, J. S., Eds. Oxford: Clarendon Press (Oxford University Press), 1990, pp. pages 102-107.